Economy

Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations: Intertwined Crises, Multiple Vulnerabilities

This report examines the complex and compounding challenges facing economies in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS). It highlights how overlapping crises—such as armed conflict, institutional fragility, climate-related disasters, commodity price volatility, and global economic shocks—interact to deepen poverty, food insecurity, and deficits in human development across FCS economies. The report calls for targeted, sequenced policy […]

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International Finance and the Global Polycrisis

This article explores the pivotal role of international finance in shaping political responses to four major global crises: the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the climate emergency, and the intensifying geoeconomic rivalry between China and the United States. It highlights how financial mobilization has varied across these crises, serving distinct strategic purposes and

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Impact of Global Risks on Economic Downturn in Countries Worldwide: Analysis of the Causes of the Situation and Opportunities for Growth Recovery

The authors examine the impact of global risks on economic growth dynamics across more than 200 countries from 1961 to 2023, revealing a consistent decline in growth rates linked to intertwined geopolitical, economic, social, environmental, and technological risks. Through structural analysis and analytical tools, they identify economic and environmental risks as key contributors to the

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Ten Principles for Transforming Economics in a Time of Global Crises

The authors present a qualitative analysis of 238 sources spanning 38 alternative economic approaches and identify ten shared principles for transforming economics in response to the global polycrisis. These principles include social–ecological embeddedness, limits to growth, equity, and post-capitalist thinking, and span ecological, social, political economy and holistic domains. Seeking to bring coherence to a

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World Economic Outlook : A Critical Juncture amid Policy Shifts

The April 2025 World Economic Outlook presents a global economy navigating a complex web of interrelated shocks and policy shifts. Following years of disruption, growth remains subdued and vulnerable to escalating trade tensions, particularly after the United States imposed near-universal tariffs, prompting widespread countermeasures. These developments have triggered systemic effects across trade, inflation, investment, and

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Polycrisis and the Thucydides Trap. In: War and the World Economy

In this chapter, William Jefferies examines polycrisis as a framework for understanding the interconnected and compounding challenges facing the contemporary world—including environmental degradation, economic inequality, geopolitical tensions, and democratic backsliding. Situating these developments in the post-Cold War era, the chapter critically engages with the ideological legacy of Francis Fukuyama’s “End of History” thesis and the

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From Polycrisis to Polysolutions: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Complex Global Challenges

This PolyCIVIS Foundational Brief explores the complexities of the polycrisis, examining the human dimension and focusing on governance, economic systems, and public trust. It analyzes the politics of framing the polycrisis and how existing governance structures can inadvertently contribute to its intricacy. It emphasizes the need for long-term, systemic solutions over short-term measures and advocates

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Global Interconnectedness of Risks: A Worldwide Analysis

The author explores the interconnected global risk landscape, where various risks amplify one another, potentially causing cascading effects across regions and sectors. She examines the global relationship between different types of risks and analyzes the significance of the coefficients derived from collected time panel data. Key findings include the positive correlation between net user growth

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