Climate

War, Climate Change, and Mental Health: A Geopsychiatric Perspective on an Emerging Global Polycrisis

This paper examines the interconnected effects of war, climate change, forced displacement, and humanitarian fragility on mental health through a geopsychiatric perspective. It conceptualises these interacting pressures as a climate-conflict polycrisis in which environmental hazards, resource insecurity, violence, displacement, economic instability, and weakened institutions can reinforce one another and generate cumulative mental health consequences, including […]

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Opportunities for Pathways Approaches for Adapting to Complex Climate Change Risks

The authors examine how adaptation pathways can be extended to address complex climate change risks arising from interactions among compounding hazards, cascading impacts, dynamic vulnerabilities, infrastructure interdependencies, and governance failures. They argue that conventional adaptation approaches are often poorly suited to non-linear, deeply uncertain, and potentially irreversible risk conditions, and identify three areas where pathways

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Six Major Risks in Modern Society: Research Progress and Future Directions

The authors review six major systemic risks facing modern societies: geopolitical risks, global meteorological disaster risks, regional environmental risks, global supply chain risks, systemic financial risks, and technology-mediated societal and institutional risks. They show how these risks increasingly interact across political, economic, environmental, technological, and social systems, allowing disruptions in one domain to generate cascading

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Global Risk Review

The July 2026 Global Risk Review identifies geopolitical escalation, climate extremes, digital misinformation, public health emergencies, and digital transformation as five key global risks. The report argues that these risks are increasingly reinforcing one another, creating a complex threat environment in which disruptions cascade across political, economic, social, and environmental systems. Through thematic analyses and

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Africa’s Greater Horn Region Is Facing a Looming Polycrisis Fueled by Conflict, Prices, Climate and Disease

This article argues that the Greater Horn of Africa is facing a looming polycrisis driven by the interaction of climate extremes, violent conflict, disease outbreaks, and rising food and fertiliser prices, compounded by weakening humanitarian capacity. The authors contend that these overlapping shocks are mutually reinforcing rather than additive, increasing the risk of famine, displacement,

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Polycrisis and Regeneration: Latin America Facing the Opportunity to Build New Futures

This article argues that Latin America occupies a distinctive but tension-filled position in the global polycrisis, holding ecologically strategic territories such as the Amazon, the Andean systems, and major wetlands while sustaining economies heavily dependent on extractive models that pressure those same systems. The author contends that climate change, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, and pollution

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Scorched Earth: Climate Adaptation on a Boiling Planet

This essay argues that climate adaptation is becoming an increasingly urgent complement to emissions reduction as the impacts of global warming intensify, while cautioning that adaptation cannot take precedence over mitigation. Drawing on recent heatwaves, floods, and other climate extremes, the authors show how rising temperatures are exposing infrastructure vulnerabilities, increasing mortality, and exacerbating social

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The Impact of Polycrisis on GPNs—a Focus on the EU’s Trade Policy Response to the Climate Crisis

This paper explores how policy responses to the polycrisis seek to reshape Global Production Networks, encouraging new forms of decoupling and recoupling. The author focuses on the EU’s trade policy responses to the climate crisis, especially carbon tariffs and the deforestation regulation. These new measures represent a shift from traditional trade policy and a conscious

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Polycrisis, Energy, and Climate Change

In this webinar hosted by the European Banking Institute in collaboration with e-axes forum, Ortwin Renn, AJ Gambir, and Jo Paisley explore how systemic risks emerge from complex interdependencies, non-linear dynamics, and cascading effects that challenge established governance, regulatory, and analytical frameworks. The panel examines why traditional risk assessment tools struggle under deep uncertainty and

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Sky-High Oil Prices. A Fertilizer Shortage. Now Add a “Super El Niño.”

This article argues that the war involving Iran, particularly through the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, has driven up oil and fertilizer prices, triggering supply shortages that threaten global agricultural production just as climate pressures intensify. The anticipated arrival of a strong or “super” El Niño is expected to further disrupt weather patterns, compounding

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